Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse is a common condition that affects about half of all women at some point in life. It occurs when the muscles and tissues that support the pelvic organs become weakened or stretched, allowing one or more organs such as the bladder, uterus, or rectum to drop into or press against the vaginal wall.

Although prolapse is not life-threatening, it can cause discomfort, pressure, and changes in bladder or bowel function. The good news is that it is treatable. At Legacy For Women in Henderson, NV, our OBGYN team helps women manage symptoms and restore comfort, strength, and confidence.

What Is Pelvic Organ Prolapse?

Pelvic organ prolapse develops when the pelvic floor muscles and connective tissues lose their strength or elasticity. As a result, one or more organs shift out of their normal position.

Types of prolapse include:

• Cystocele (bladder prolapse): The bladder bulges into the front wall of the vagina
• Rectocele (rectal prolapse): The rectum pushes into the back wall of the vagina
• Uterine prolapse: The uterus descends into the vaginal canal
• Vaginal vault prolapse: The top of the vagina drops, often after hysterectomy
• Enterocele: The small intestine pushes into the upper vaginal wall

Some women may experience more than one type of prolapse at the same time.

Common Symptoms

Pelvic organ prolapse symptoms vary based on the type and severity. You may notice:

• A feeling of pressure or heaviness in the pelvis
• A bulge or visible protrusion in the vaginal area
• A sensation of something falling or dropping
• Urinary leakage or difficulty emptying the bladder
• Recurrent urinary tract infections
• Constipation or incomplete bowel movements
• Discomfort or pain with intercourse
• Lower back pain or pelvic aching

Symptoms often worsen when standing for long periods, lifting, or at the end of the day, and may improve when lying down.

Causes and Risk Factors

Pelvic organ prolapse is usually caused by a combination of pressure, aging, and weakening of pelvic floor support. Common risk factors include:

• Vaginal childbirth, especially after large babies or difficult deliveries
• Aging and menopause, due to decreased estrogen and tissue elasticity
• Chronic coughing, constipation, or heavy lifting
• Obesity
• Genetic predisposition
• Previous pelvic surgery, such as hysterectomy

While prolapse becomes more common with age, it is not an unavoidable part of aging. Effective treatment can help at any stage.

When to See a Provider

You should schedule a visit at our women’s health clinic in Henderson if you:

• Notice a bulge or pressure in the vaginal area
• Experience urinary or bowel changes
• Feel discomfort or pain during intimacy
• Have a family history of prolapse and are beginning to experience symptoms

Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes and more treatment options.

Diagnosis

Your provider will start with a pelvic exam to assess the location and severity of the prolapse. Additional tests may include:

• Urinalysis or bladder function testing
• Pelvic ultrasound to evaluate the organs
• MRI in complex cases or for surgical planning

You will also discuss your lifestyle, medical history, and goals for treatment. Be sure to share when your symptoms began and how they have progressed.

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the type and severity of the prolapse, your symptoms, and whether you plan to have children in the future.

Conservative (nonsurgical) options:

• Pelvic floor physical therapy to strengthen muscles and restore support
• Pessary device, a removable insert that supports the pelvic organs
• Lifestyle changes such as weight management, avoiding heavy lifting, and treating constipation or chronic cough
• Topical vaginal estrogen to improve tissue strength and elasticity in postmenopausal women

Surgical options:

• Vaginal or laparoscopic repair of the affected organ
• Uterine suspension or hysterectomy if uterine prolapse is present
• Mesh procedures used selectively and only after discussing benefits and risks

Your OBGYN will help you determine the safest and most effective treatment plan for your needs.

You Don’t Have to Live With Prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse is common, but it does not have to limit your quality of life. With the right care, most women experience relief from symptoms and a return to normal activities.

At Legacy For Women in Henderson, NV, we are dedicated to helping women find lasting comfort, confidence, and support through every stage of care. Schedule an appointment today to learn more about your options and take the first step toward relief.